EXACT Turbofan Baseline

D250-TF-2040

Several features set this design apart from current short-haul aircraft. The aircraft is equipped with foldable wingtips, which improve aerodynamic efficiency while allowing the aircraft to still fit within the 36-meter gate limit at airports. The specific wing structure using carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) reduces the weight of the wing, which helps enhance performance.

It also incorporates an all-electric on-board system architecture, which is more reliable than conventional on-board system architectures and contributes to greater energy efficiency of the aircraft. Additionally, the aircraft uses an ultra-high bypass ratio turbofan engine, which improves fuel efficiency and reduces noise. To save weight and reduce maintenance costs, the turbofan engines have no thrust reverser which is subject to more detailed studies.

These design elements reflect an approach that combines current technologies with potential future improvements to make aviation more efficient and sustainable (both, economically and ecologically).

The most important differences to today’s short-haul aircraft are:
  1. Foldable wingtips to increase the aerodynamic efficiency.
  2. Carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) wing structure to reduce wing mass.
  3. All electric on-board system architecture.
  4. Ultra-high bypass ratio (~15) turbofan engine.



Advantages

  • ⬆️ Well-known evolutionary concept that represents a low-risk solution
  • ⬆️ Practically no changes to the global aviation system required
  • ⬆️ Smooth transition to sustainable aviation fuel through flexible blending between fossil and sustainable kerosene

Challenges

  • ➡️ Limited climate impact reduction potential
  • ➡️ Economic competitiveness with alternative propulsion, energy carriers and aircraft configurations in potential future ecological scenarios

Project & Partners

The aircraft was designed in the DLR-internal project EXACT as one of the most promising future aircraft concepts with the potential to reduce climate impact drastically, while being competitive. It was designed to enter into service in 2040.

Outlook

This aircraft concept is primarily intended as a research baseline. For this reason, it uses mainly conventional technologies that do not present major uncertainties. However, some specific technologies, such as the wing folding mechanism and the non-thrust-reversing engines, should be investigated in more detail.

Key Characteristics

Name Unit Value
Design Range NM (km) 1500 (2778)
Design Passenger Capacity - 250
Design Cruise Mach Number - 0.78
Entry into Service Year - 2040
Take-off-Field-Length m 1900
Approach Speed kts (CAS) 140
Propulsion Architecture Turbofan
Energy Carrier Fossil or Synthetic Kerosene
Max. Take-Off Mass (MTOM) t 80.9
Operating Empty Mass (OEM) t 48.0
Max. Landing Mass t 75.9
Maximum Fuel Mass t 19.1
Max. Payload t 25
Wing Span (unfolded) m 42.0
Wing Span (folded) m 36.0
Distance to alternate Airport NM 200
Loiter Time min 30
Contingency - 3%
Max Operating Altitude ft 41000
Min. Climb Rate ft/min 300
Passenger Seats Abreast - 6
Block-Energy (at Design Mission) GJ 301.6
Block-Energy (at Evaluation Mission, 500NM) GJ 124.7
Block-Energy per Pax and NM (at Design Mission, high density) MJ/PAX/NM 0.804
Block-Energy per Pax and NM (at Evaluation Mission, high density) MJ/PAX/NM 0.998

Mass Breakdown


Payload-Range Diagram


Cabin layout


Cabin cross-section





Key Characteristics

Research Category Baseline
Entry into Service 2040
Passengers 250
Range (km) 2778
Wing Span (m) 42
Maximum Take-Off Mass (t) 80.9
Cruise Mach Number 0.78
Cruise Speed (km/h) 832.7
Energy Carrier Synth. Kerosene
Energy Consumption 13.2
Total Installed Power (MW) 42

Downloads

CPACS Parametrisation
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Geometry
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Technical data sheet
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